Table of content
1.  Short CV
2.  Teaching (currently in a separate document)
3.  Research (currently in a separate document)
4.  Publications
5.  Description of main research software
6.  Technology transfer of research result

1.  Short CV

1.1.  Some themes of my research so far

Design of methodologies, ontologies, languages, techniques and software helping people to search, filter, compare, organize, represent, share and evaluate arbitrarily precise/complex knowledge, e.g., methodologies (about normalization, argumentation, evaluation, ...) enabling people to collaboratively create documents and well organized knowledge bases without having to agree on terminology or beliefs, languages that are expressive, readable and normalizing for representing, combining and searching knowledge (Formalized-English, Frame-CGs, For-Links) and for Petri Nets or Activity Diagrams (PNLF), ontologies:  (i) one general ontology (semantic dictionary of 110,000 categories) voted "candidate for a standard" by the IEEE P1600.1 SUO group on May 12th 2004,  (ii) language ontologies, e.g., an ontology meta-model for the Object Management Group (OMG),  (iii) domain ontologies (for structured catalogs, learning objects, security, health records, ... => auction/tourism Web sites, teaching/learning, ...), software:  (i) 3 knowledge modeling/sharing/retrieval tools that included the above elements (over 100,000 lines of C++/Lex/Yacc/Javascript/XML/CSS; "Asia-Pacific Oracle IT&T" R&D awards in 1999 and 2001),  (ii) other software for 6 private companies during 2.5 years.

1.2.  Post-doctoral Professional Experience (~ 12 years):
          research & development (R&D), project management, supervision, teaching

Sept. 2009 -  August 2010	Senior Lecturer at ESIROI-STIM, the "Services in Telecommunications, Information technology     and Multimedia" department of ESIROI, an engineer school at the University of La Réunion.     Teaching of 6 courses. Convenor of the "New Services Engineering" module.     Manager of the "international relations"for the Pacific zone. July-October 2009: writing of my "habilitation to direct research" thesis (240 pages; soon to be     converted into a book).
March 2008 -  August 2009	Project leader at Eurecom (French research institute in telecommunication systems). Study of needs and techniques for information retrieval and data protection     in RFID information systems and networks (and the "internet of things"). Application to the "PACA-ID Supply Chain" project in collaboration with 7 industrial     partners (IBM, France Telecom, Carrefour, ...).
Jan. 2005 - Dec. 2007	Australian Senior Lecturer (~ U.S. Associate Professor) at the School of ICT of Griffith Uni. Convenor+lecturer of three courses: Internet Programming 2,  Workflow Management     (online course) and Programming with Procedural Languages (online, then face-to-face); July-December 2006: research on "Cooperatively updated knowledge bases for     e-learning and research" supported by a Griffith E-Learning Fellowship     of 26,000 AUD;  convenor of IP2 and co-convenor of Programming 2.     Other tasks:  1) supervision of a Master student working full time on the import-export functions                           of WebKB-2 (see below) from/to various knowledge representation languages;                      2) involvement in the first pilot project of the Text Outline Project (which the co-founder                           of Wikipedia launched to organize ideas from philosophy books) and                           beginning of an alternative pilot project;                      3) co-supervision of Java projects. Co-supervision of three PhD thesis: 1) "Accessing knowledge using ontologies",     2) "Ontologies for the management (indexing, research, re-use, annotation) of learning objects",     3) "Belief function reasoning to decision making under incomplete information". Invited lectures at the University of Hawaii, Hawaii Pacific University,     Xerox Research Center Europe and DERI Galway.
Sept. 2004 - Nov. 2004	Visiting Professor at the Laboratory for Applied Ontology (LOA) (Trento, Italy). Beginning of an ontology of knowledge management tools which is intended as a     seed for a formally organized state of the art in "knowledge engineering".
Feb. 2004 - Aug. 2004	Senior Researcher at the School of ICT of Griffith Uni. (Gold Coast, Australia). May 12th: the Multi-Source Ontology (MSO) that WebKB-2 proposes to its users and     permits them to search and extend is voted as "candidate material" for the     standard upper ontology (SUO) by the IEEE P1600.1 SUO working group. April-June: for Biocenturion Systems Pty Ltd, prototyping in PHP of an     hospital database accessible by patients via mobile phones. July-August: teaching and inter-connection of workflow management tools for the     on-line course on Workflow Management provided by Griffith University.
July 2000 - Dec. 2003	Senior Research Scientist and leader of the WebKB-2 project     at the Australian's Distributed Systems Technology Center (the DSTC was the     W3C's Australian Office but closed in 2006). Design and development of WebKB-2 (over 60,000 lines of C++/HTML/Javascript,     documentation and re-used libraries not included), the only current knowledge base Web server     enabling people to store and tightly interconnect their knowledge into a unique     large consistent knowledge base without having to agree on terminology or beliefs. Winner of the 2001 Asia-Pacific Oracle Queensland IT&T Awards for Excellence     in the Research and Development category. Participation to the CGIF&KIF sub-committees of the ISO/IEC JTC1 SC32     and reviews for the Web Intelligence Consortium. May-June 2003: work for a DSTC proposal to the Object Management Group (OMG) in     answer to its Ontology Definition Metamodel RFP - the four proposals received by     the OMG have now been merged.
April 1998 - June 2000	Research Scientist at the School of Information Technology, Griffith University. Completion of the development of WebKB-1 (over 30,000 lines of C++/HTML/Javascript,     documentation and re-used libraries not included), a knowledge base server enabling the     storage of knowledge in Web documents and its use for indexing and then     retrieving any part of these documents. Finalist of the 1999 Asia-Pacific Oracle Queensland IT&T Awards for Excellence     in the Intelligent Technologies category. October 1999: design and teaching of a course on Web-scripting languages (as part     of Griffith Uni.'s "Emerging Technologies" courses). April-June 2000: visiting researcher at the INRIA (French National Institute for     Research in Computer Science and Control) in the ACACIA project, and     design of conventions and ontologies for knowledge sharing in RDF.
1997	Postdoc at the Dept. of Computer Sciences of the University of Adelaide, Australia. Beginning of the design and development of WebKB-1.  Research funded by the Defense Science and Technology Organization (DSTO). Member of the ICCS review committee from 1997 to nowadays (2008).

1.3.  Ph.D., Pre-doctoral Professional Experience (~ 2 years) and Education

1993 - 1996	Ph.D. in Software Engineering, on Knowledge Acquisition and Information Retrieval using Conceptual Graphs and Structured Documents, in the INRIA's ACACIA project. Design and development of CGKAT (over 10,000 lines of C++ and models of data/presentation,     documentation and re-used libraries not included), a knowledge acquisition tool and     precision-oriented information retrieval tool. January-March 1993: research on knowledge extraction from regulatory texts at the     Australian national research center CSIRO, Division of Information Technology.
1991 - 1992	Engineer/M.Sc. student in Information Technology (Software Engineering) at the     Ecole Supérieure en Sciences Informatiques (now part of the     Ecole Polytechnique of the University of Nice - Sophia Antipolis). M.Sc. thesis on Explanations and the KADS Knowledge Acquisition Methodology. Summer 1991: design of an object-oriented drawing editor for TRACE Pty Ltd. June 1992: degree of Engineer and D.E.A. (the French diploma necessary to begin a PhD). Summer 1992: design of a knowledge graph editor in LeLisp (4000 lines) and Aida+Masai.
1990	Computer scientist staff member of the "Conseil Régional" of Marseille, working with     OMI Pty Ltd on the management in SQL and C of subvention allocation tasks.
1988 - 1989	Student in Hardware and Software Engineering at the "Institut Supérieur d'Automatique     et de Robotique" (3rd and 4th year of university studies; this school is now part of the     "Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble" and named ESISAR for "Ecole Supérieure     d'Ingénieurs en Systèmes Industriels Avancés").   Graduation with "Distinction". Summer 1988: extension of a "minitel" server for LEM informatique Pty Ltd. Summer 1989: re-engineering of a Petri Net software for CJB Automation Pty Ltd.
1986 - 1987	Student in Software Engineering at the "Institut Universitaire de Technologie" of     Aix en Provence (1st and 2nd year of university studies). Summer 1986: internship in data reporting using Lotus + Basic at Thomson-CSF Pty Ltd.

1.4.  Skills

Languages:

French (mother tongue), English (fluent;  TOEFL;  IELTS;  working in Australia from 1997 to 2007), Spanish (learnt during 4 years in high school), Italian (beginner; 2004), German (beginner; 2007)

Computer skills

Mastered languages	C/C++, Javascript, Lex+Yacc, PHP, SQL, HTML+CSS+AJAX, REST/SOAP
Other known languages	Java, Lisp, Perl, Prolog, Smalltalk, SML, Ada, VBscript, Fortran, COBOL
Mastered DBMS	FastDB / Gigabase (OODBMS), PostgreSQL, MySQL, Microsoft Access
Knowledge modeling	Methodologies: KADS, KOD, Ontoclean Tools: WebKB, CGKAT, Ontolingua, Ontausaurus, Protégé, Jena, Sesame Notations: CGLF, CGIF, KIF, KM, RDF+OWL, N3, micro-formats, UML, Z    and those I designed to solve the problems of current notations
Structured document editor	Thot (and, its Web-oriented version, Amaya, the W3C browser)
Graphical libraries	Aida+Masai
Operating systems	Expert in Unix (Linux, Solaris) and Unix tools (script languages,     development tools, Apache Web server, etc.); Windows, VMS, MacOs

For professional references, please email me or, if you prefer to directly contact some researchers I worked with, use this list.

4.  Publications

4.1.  Introduction

To access a publication, click on its "author" header in the list below.
For a chronologically-sorted list of refereed publications, click here.
For an overview of my main technical ideas, see the articles prefixed by a star in the list below. Most of them have been published in the LNCS/LNAI proceedings of ICCS conferences (hence, these articles are in the "Refereed conference articles" category below even though ICCS "full papers" have been assimilated to journal articles by Griffith Uni. and to book chapters by researchers such as Kalina Bontcheva). The normal font is used for the articles that best describe my research work and ideas.

My refereed publications can be grouped according to the main research works they are related to.

• Ontologies: Martin (1995) and Martin (2003) present two different exploitations, corrections and extensions of the noun-related part of WordNet (plus its loss-less integration with many top-level ontologies) for supporting knowledge representation, sharing and retrieval; Martin & Eboueya (2007a, 2007) presents the core of a semi-formal state of the art for knowledge engineering, which is ultimately intended to be sufficiently organized for researchers to contribute for precisely comparing their tools or theories while avoiding redundancies.
• Notations, data models or best practices for easing knowledge representation, indexation, normalization, querying and sharing: for languages/practices advocated in WebKB-1/WebKB-2 (Martin & Eklund, 1999, 1999b, 1999c, 2000) (Martin, 2000, 2002), for RDF (Martin & Eklund, 2000a), for UML (Raymond et al., 2003) (Colomb & al., 2005) and for Activity Diagrams (Flater et al., 2007, 2009). The three main notations of WebKB-1 and WebKB-2 are For-Links, Frame-CGs and Formalized-English.
  
• Cooperation supporting techniques: KB editing protocols (Martin & Eklund, 2001), algorithms to support scalable knowledge comparisons or the valuation of knowledge contributions and contributors (Martin et al., 2005), update semantics (Eklund et al., 1999), graph/ontology mapping techniques (Dieng et al. 1994) (Niwattanakul et al., 2007).
  
• Knowledge sharing and retrieval within and between KBs: general synthesis (Martin et al., 2006) or with some focus on e-learning (Martin et al., 2007) (Martin & Eboueya, 2008) or annotations (Martin, 2002a). E-learning: (Jones et al., 2007) (Eboueya et al., 2006) (Martin, 2008, 2008a, 2009) (Niwattanakul et al., 2007b).
  
• Knowledge sharing and retrieval on the Web: comparisons (Martin & Eklund, 2000a, 2002) (Martin, 2003a).
  
• Knowledge indexation/querying/combination techniques: within Web documents (Martin, 1997) (Eklund et al., 1998), application to the knowledge acquisition/inferencing testbed problem Sisyphus-I (Martin & Eklund, 1999a).
  
• Combinations and extensions of structured/hypertext document techniques and knowledge representation/acquisition techniques: (Martin, 1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997a) (Martin & Alpay, 1996).
  
• Synthesis and integration of explanatory techniques in a knowledge acquisition methodology: (Martin, 1993, 1993a, 1994).

4.2.  Refereed journal articles

1. Martin Ph. (2009a). Managing Knowledge to Enhance Learning. International Journal of Knowledge Management & E-Learning (ISSN 2073-7904), Vol.1, No.2, 2009, pp. 103-119.
   (This is a slightly enhanced version of the conference article titled "Use of Semantic Networks as Learning Material and Evaluation of the Approach by Students" which is listed further below).

2. Niwattanakul S., Martin Ph., Eboueya M. & Khaimook K. (2007a). Learning Object Mediation System based on an Ontology Model. E-Learning special issue of the International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management (IJCIM), Vol. 15, No. SP3 (pp. 28.1-28.6; ISSN 0858-7027), Sept.-Dec. 2007.

3. Martin Ph. & Eboueya M. (2007). Sharing and Comparing Information about Knowledge Engineering. WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, Issue 5, Vol. 4 (pp. 1089-1096; ISSN 1790-0832), May 2007.

4. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (2000a). Knowledge Indexation and Retrieval and the Word Wide Web. IEEE Intelligent Systems, special issue "Knowledge Management and Knowledge Distribution over the Internet", pp. 18-25, May-June 2000.

5. * Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (1999b). Embedding Knowledge in Web Documents. Special issue of "Computer Networks, The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking", Vol. 31 (Issue 11-16), pp. 1403-1419, May 17, 1999.
   Summary. This article shows the interest of high-level, general and intuitive knowledge representation languages for indexing the content of Web documents and representing knowledge. This article compares the use of such languages with the use of micro-formats, languages with low-level models, or XML-based notations via graphical interfaces. It is significant because it summarizes some languages and features of WebKB-1 that current Semantic Web tools have not yet been replicated but are on the way to integrate.

4.3.  Refereed book chapters   (not "invited" book chapters)

1. Martin Ph. & Eboueya M. (2008). For the ultimate accessibility and re-usability. Chapter XXIX (14 pages) of the Handbook of Research on Learning Design and Learning Objects: Issues, Applications and Technologies, IGI Global, ISBN: 978-1-59904-861-1, pp. 589-606, July 14, 2008.
   Summary. This article summarizes the approach and techniques used in WebKB-2 to help knowledge sharing and retrieval and argues on (i) the advantages for the medium and long term to use this approach, and (ii) the possibility for this approach to be really used by researchers, lecturers and students for collaboration or learning purposes. This article is significant because it is a recent and not too technical summary and analysis of the approach and techniques used in WebKB-2.

2. Martin Ph. (2003a). Knowledge Representation, Sharing and Retrieval on the Web. Chapter 12 of a book titled "Web Intelligence" (Springer; editors: N. Zhong, J. Liu, Y. Yao; pp. 263-297; ISBN 3-540-44384-3; Web Intelligence Consortium's book), January 2003.

4.4.  Refereed international conference articles

1. Martin Ph. (2010b). Collaborative ontology sharing and editing. Proceedings of Informatics 2010, conference of the IADIS MCCSIS (Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems), Freiburg, Germany, 26-31 July 2010.

2. Niwattanakul S. Eboueya M. & Martin Ph. (2009). DOCINER: A Document Indexation Tool for Learning Object. Proceedings of NCM 2009 (pp. 859-863; ISBN: 978-0-7695-3769-6), 5th IEEE International Conference on Networked Computing and
   Advanced Information Management (Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC),
   Seoul, Korea, August 25-27, 2009.

3. Flater D., Martin Ph. & Crane M. (2009). Rendering UML Activity Diagrams as Human-Readable Text. Proceedings of IKE 2009 (pp. 207-213), international conference on Information and Knowledge Engineering, Las Vegas, USA, July 13-16, 2009.

4. Martin Ph. (2008). Use of Semantic Networks as Learning Material and Evaluation of the Approach by Students. Proceedings of OLDE 2008 (article #74 of the Volume 31 of the "World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology" proceedings, ISSN 1307-6884, pp. 429-438), International Conference on Open Learning and Distance Education, Vienna, Austria, August 13-15, 2008.

5. Martin Ph. (2008a). Semantic Networks to Support Learning. Supplementary proceedings of ICCS 2008 (ISSN 1613-0073, online CEUR-WS.org/Vol-1/pmartin.pdf), 16th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, Toulouse, France, July 7-11, 2008.

6. Niwattanakul S., Martin Ph., Eboueya M. & Khaimook K. (2007b). Ontology Mapping based on Similarity Measure and Fuzzy Logic. Proceedings of E-learn 2007 (pp. 6383-6387), AACE's Conference on E-learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, & Higher Education, Quebec City, Canada, October 15-19, 2007.

7. Martin Ph., Jo J. & Jones V. (2007). Cooperatively updated knowledge bases as an optimal medium to learn, publish, evaluate and collaborate. ICUT 2007 (Proceedings B, pp. 875-885), 1st International Conference of Ubiquitous Information Technology, Dubai, February 12-14, 2007.

8. Jones V, Jo J. & Martin Ph. (2007). Future Schools and How Technology can be used to support Millennial and Generation-Z Students. ICUT 2007 (Proceedings B, pp. 886-891), 1st International Conference of Ubiquitous Information Technology, Dubai, February 12-14, 2007.

9. Martin Ph. & Eboueya M. (2007a). Toward a Cooperatively Built Ontology of Knowledge Engineering. Electronic proceedings of CEA 2007 (Computer Engineering and Applications), WSEAS (World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society) Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, January 17-19, 2007.

10. Martin Ph., Eboueya M., Blumenstein M. & Deer P. (2006). A Network of Semantically Structured Wikipedia to Bind Information. Proceedings of E-learn 2006 (pp. 1694-1702), AACE's Conference on E-learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, & Higher Education, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 13-17, 2006.

11. Martin Ph., Eboueya M., Jo J. & Uden L. (2006). Between too informal and too formal. Proceedings of KMO 2006, International Conference on Knowledge Management in Organizations (UM FERI; editors: M. Hericko, A. ZivKovic; pp. 38-47; ISBN: 86-435-0780-6), Maribor, Slovenia, June 13-14, 2006. 

12. Eboueya M., Lillis D., Jo J., Cranitch G. & Martin Ph. (2006). Mobile Active Participative Learning Environments for the 21st Century Classroom: The MAPLE Project. Proceedings of the 2nd EUI-Net conference on "European Models of Synergy between Teaching and Research in Higher Education" (pp. 155-158; EUI-Net is the International Excellence Reserve's European University-Industry Network), Tallinn, Estonia, May 3-6, 2006.

13. * Martin Ph., Blumenstein M. & Deer P. (2005). Toward cooperatively-built knowledge repositories. Proceedings of ICCS 2005, 13th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 3596, pp. 411-424), Kassel, Germany, July 18-22, 2005.
    At this conference, I also organized the "Semi-formal Summaries" workshop and gave a talk at the CG Tools workshop.
    Summary. This article presents various original elements needed to support the cooperative building of formal/semi-formal knowledge repositories, such as (i) "structured discussions", with a template algorithm to assign values to contributions and credits to contributors, (ii) ontological elements to guide and normalize the construction of knowledge repositories about knowledge management tools, and (iii) an approach to permit a scalable display of object comparisons. This article is significant because it is a technical summary of various techniques that I later refined.

14. * Martin Ph. (2003). Correction and Extension of WordNet 1.7. Proceedings of ICCS 2003, 11th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 2746, pp. 160-173), Dresden, Germany, July 21-25, 2003.
    Summary. This article presents my transformation of the noun-related part of WordNet into a genuine "lexical ontology" with short intuitive identifiers - and its loss-less integration with various top-level ontologies - to support knowledge representation, sharing and retrieval within a knowledge base or on the Web. This article is significant because it provides guidelines for creating ontologies usable for "general" knowledge representation and highlights how difficult this task remains.

15. * Martin Ph. (2002). Knowledge representation in CGLF, CGIF, KIF, Frame-CG and Formalized-English. Proceedings of ICCS 2002, 10th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 2393, pp. 77-91), Borovets, Bulgaria, July 15-19, 2002.

16. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (2002). Manageable Approaches to the Semantic Web. "Practice & Experience" alternate track of WWW 2002, 11th International World Wide Web Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, May 7-11, 2002.

17. * Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (2001). Large-scale cooperatively-built heterogeneous KBs. Proceedings of ICCS 2001, 9th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 2120, pp. 231-244; electronically published on 21/1/2008), Stanford University, California, USA, July 30 to August 3, 2001.

18. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (2000). Conventions for Knowledge Representation via RDF. Proceedings of WebNet 2000 (AACE, isbn:1-880094-40-1), San Antonio, Texas, November 2000.

19. Martin Ph. (2000). Conventions and Notations for Knowledge Representation and Retrieval. Proceedings of ICCS 2000, 8th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 1867, pp. 41-54; electronically published on 1/1/2007), Darmstadt, Germany, August 14-18, 2000.

20. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (1999). Embedding Knowledge in Web Documents: CGs versus XML-based Metadata Languages. Proceedings of ICCS 1999, 7th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 1640, pp. 230-246), Blacksburg, VA, USA, July 12-15, 1999.

21. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (1999a). WebKB and the Sisyphus-I problem. Proceedings of ICCS 1999 (Springer, LNAI 1640, pp. 315-333), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA, July 12-15, 1999.

22. * Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (1999b). Embedding Knowledge in Web Documents. Proceedings of WWW8 (pp. 324-341), 8th International World Wide Web Conference, Toronto, Canada, May 11-14, 1999.   This article has also been published as a journal article and hence is also listed above.

23. Eklund P. & Martin Ph. (1998). WWW Indexation and Document Navigation Using Conceptual Structures. Proceedings of ICIPS 1998, IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Processing Systems (IEEE Press, pp. 217-221) Australia, August 4-7, 1998.

24. Martin Ph. (1997). The WebKB set of tools: a common scheme for shared WWW Annotations, shared knowledge bases and information retrieval. Proceedings of ICCS 1997, 5th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 1257, pp. 585-588), Seattle, USA, August 4-8, 1997.

25. Martin Ph. (1997a). CGKAT: a Knowledge Acquisition Tool and an Information Retrieval Tool Using Structured Documents and Ontologies. Proceedings of ICCS 1997 (Springer, LNAI 1257, pp. 581-584), Seattle, USA, August 4-8, 1997.

26. * Martin Ph. & Alpay L. (1996). Conceptual Structures and Structured Documents. Proceedings of ICCS 1996, 4th International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 1115, pp. 145-159), Sydney, Australia, August 19-22, 1996.

27. Martin Ph. (1995a). Links between Electronic Documents and a Knowledge Base of Conceptual Graphs. Supplementary proceedings of ICCS 1995, 3rd International Conference on Conceptual Structures (Springer, LNAI 954, pp. 112-125), University of California, Santa Cruz, August 14-18, 1995.

28. * Martin Ph. (1993). A KADS refinement for Explanatory Knowledge Extraction and Modeling. Proceedings of AI 1993, 6th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (edited by "World Scientific, Singapore"), Melbourne, Australia, November 16-19, 1993.

4.5.  Refereed French conference articles

1. Martin Ph. (1993a). Adaptation de KADS pour la construction de Systèmes à Base de Connaissances explicatifs (in English: "Adaptation of KADS for the building of knowledge based systems"). Proceedings of JAVA 1993 ("4th Journées Acquisition, Validation et Apprentissage"), Saint-Raphaël, France, March 1993.

4.6.  Refereed international workshop articles

1. Martin Ph. (2010c). Protocols for Governance-free Loss-less Well-organized Knowledge Sharing. Proceedings of ECAI 2010 workshop on Intelligent Engineering Techniques for Knowledge Bases (I-KBET 2010), Lisbon, Portugal, 17 August 2010.

2. Martin Ph. (2010a). Ontology Repositories with Only One Large Shared Cooperatively-built and Evaluated Ontology. "Best paper" at the ORES (Ontology Repositories and Editors for the Semantic Web) workshop of the ESWC 2010 (Extended Semantic Web Conference), Crete, 31 May 2010, published by CEUR-WS (ISSN 1613-0073, CEUR-WS.org), Vol-596, urn:nbn:de:0074-596-3.

3. Martin Ph. (2002a). How WebKB could contribute to PORT. Proceedings of PORT 2002, 2nd PORT workshop, first day of ICCS 2002.

4. Eklund P., Becker P. & Martin Ph. (1999). Update Semantics for Cooperative Ontologies. Position statement at SWWS 1999 (Semantic Web Workshop).

5. Martin Ph. & Eklund P. (1999c). A Key for Enhanced Hypertext Functionality and Virtual Documents: Knowledge. Proceedings of the Workshop "Virtual Documents, Hypertext Functionality and the Web" (technical report UBLCS-99-10, pp. 35-40) at WWW8, May 11, 1999.

6. Martin Ph. (1995). Using the WordNet Concept Catalog and a Relation Hierarchy for Knowledge Acquisition. Proceedings of Peirce 1995, 4th International Workshop on Peirce (pp. 36-47), University of California, Santa Cruz, August 18, 1995.

7. Martin Ph. (1995b). Knowledge Acquisition Using Documents, Conceptual Graphs and a Semantically Structured Dictionary. Proceedings of KAW 1995, 9th International Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems Workshop (pp. 1-19), Banff, Canada, February 26 - March 2, 1995.

4.7.  Refereed French workshop articles

1. Dieng R., Labidi S., Lapalut S. & Martin Ph. (1994). Comparaison de graphes conceptuels dans le cadre de l'acquisition des connaissances à partir de multiples experts (in English: "Comparison of conceptual graphs in the context of knowledge acquisition from multiple experts"). Proceedings of GC 1994, LIRMM, Montpellier, France, March 1994.

4.8.  Thesis  (HDR, Ph.D., M.Sc.)

1. Martin Ph. (2009b). Towards a collaboratively-built knowledge base of&for scalable knowledge sharing and retrieval. HDR thesis (240 pages; "Habilitation to Direct Research"), University of La Réunion, France, December 8, 2009.
   Summary. This thesis first explains what is a collaboratively-built&evaluated global well-organized secure Semantic Web (cgosSW), why few knowledge sharing approaches satisfy its requirements, and why it is needed to support scalable information retrieval, sharing and management processes that are both precision-oriented and completeness-oriented. Then, the main chapters document propose various elements of solutions (which are partly or fully implemented in the knowledge server WebKB-2, usable at www.webkb.org), for example:

   • a web-accessible/updatable multi-source large ontology/KB,
   • a top-level/core for an ontology of knowledge management/sharing (approaches, tasks, techniques, criteria for comparing tools, languages, ...) which includes a classification of the techniques that I propose:
     • a cross-referencing and regular mirroring based approach between the KBs of partially competing/complementary knowledge servers so that it does not matter which KBs are queried or updated by people (this permits to combine the advantages of distributed and centralized knowledge sharing approaches);
     • a framework for a precision-oriented collaborative evaluation of the usefulness (truthfulness, originality, ...) of each piece of information and information provider;
     • KB editing protocols that keep it free of automatically/manually detected inconsistencies - and lead people to relate their knowledge/assertions/beliefs - while not forcing these people to discuss or agree on terminology and beliefs nor requiring any selection committee;
     • lexical/structural/semantic normalization rules for knowledge representation or organization;
     • various knowledge entering/search/comparison operators and KB-generated forms that extend or complement classic operators and static forms.
   • three complementary knowledge representation notations that are more expressive, intuitive and/or concise than current common notations and whose parser(s) could be adapted to parse most current knowledge representation languages (KRLs) and allow user-specified derivations of them (to that end, an ontology of KRL structures and presentations is proposed).

2. Martin Ph. (1996). Exploitation de graphes conceptuels et de documents structurés et hypertextes pour l'acquisition de connaissances et la recherche d'informations (in English: "Knowledge Acquisition and Information Retrieval using Conceptual Graphs and Structured Documents"). Ph.D. thesis (378 pages), University of Nice - Sophia Antipolis, France, October 14, 1996.
   Summary. Some usual tasks in designing a knowledge-based system are document information retrieval/representation (e.g., expert interview re transcriptions), document creation/manipulation (e.g., technical documentation) and knowledge retrieval/handling (e.g., for validating the knowledge base). To help the knowledge engineer perform these tasks, I designed and implemented CGKAT, a knowledge acquisition tool which combines (i) the advanced document structuring/handling techniques proposed by the structured document editor Thot, and (ii) the advanced knowledge representation/organization techniques enabled through the Conceptual Graph formalism. Thus, these knowledge representations can be stored, retrieved and handled with the editor Thot and CGKAT can exploit them to allow the retrieval of document parts indexed by these representations. The user may retrieve knowledge representations or document parts by navigation or conceptual requests. The results of these requests are generated virtual documents (or "views") collecting parts of documents or parts of the knowledge base which are selected on conceptual criteria. This work is likely to be re-used or replicated when XML-based Web browsers with graphic features such as those of Thot will become available (in 2009, this is not yet the case).
   Furthermore, to help the knowledge engineer performing knowledge representation/retrieval, I designed one of the first large general ontology consisting of: (i) common basic relation types (e.g. rhetorical, mereological, spatial, temporal and mathematical relations); (ii) top-level concept types that we have specialized by the 90,000 concept types of the terminological knowledge base WordNet. I showed how the exploitation of such an ontology by knowledge engineers tends to improve the coherence, the extendibility and the reusability of their knowledge representations. This idea is now well accepted.

3. Martin Ph. (1994). La méthodologie d'acquisition de connaissances KADS et les explications (in English: "Extension of the KADS knowledge acquisition methodology to acquire explanatory information"). M.Sc. thesis, INRIA research report RR 2179 (107 pages), January 1994.
   Summary. In 1992, no KA methodology was precise enough to guide a knowledge engineer into acquiring information from sources of expertise (documents, experts) for the KB to be self-explanatory or for the KBS to be able to generate good explanations on its knowledge and reasoning. Thus, the KB or KBS was hard to understand and trust. To solve this problem, this M.Sc. thesis proposed to complement the KADS Conceptual Model with a "model of cooperation expertise" and a "model of communication expertise". The content of these two new models and the relationships that should occur between them were specified. A list of questions to acquire problem solving knowledge and explanatory knowledge related to each type of element of an interpretation model was also provided. To come up with this result, various knowledge acquisition and explanatory techniques used so far were synthesized. The difficulty relied in making that synthesis and instantiating it into the KADS framework. This research can however be used in other KA methodologies.